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Vliv povrchové aplikace hnoje na produkci a kvalitu píce travních porostů v Bílých Karpatech
Musilová, Aneta
The diploma thesis is devoted to the possible influence of farmyard manure on low-production grasslands in the area of Vojšické louky in the White Carpathians. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of farmyard manure on the species diversity and yield of grasslands after three years of its application. The yield and the quality of the grass cover were higher on the fertilized areas. In total, there were 95 species of higher plants on the experimental plots. Festuca rubra L. and Festuca rupicola Heuff were the most represented, Vicia hirsuta L. from the Fabaceae family and Fragaria viridis Weston from the other herbs. Of the sown clovers, Astragalus cicer L. and Lathyrus latifolius L. appeared with minimal representation. In autumn, manure was applied at a dose of 20 t.ha-1, after three years there was a significant increase in the yield on the fertilized area to 2.03 t.ha- 1 compared to the control area 1.66 t.ha-1. There was also a significant increase in the content of crude protein on the fertilized area. A correlation was found between the proportion of clovers and the content of crude protein in the dry matter. A correlation was also found between compressed stand height (rising plate meter) and forage yield.
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Effect of mowing technique on the quality of cutting, condition and composition of grassland
PETRÁŠ, Marek
The aim of this work is to assess the influence of mowing technology on mowing height, mowing uniformity, cut quality and botanical composition of grasslands. To achieve these goals, two meadows were selected in the cadastral territory of Bukvice near Trhové Sviny in 2022. The first selected meadow was mowed with a rotary disc mower. The second selected meadow was mowed with a rotary drum mower. The botanical composition was recorded for all monitored meadows, and the water and nutrient regime was determined. Before mowing, the condition of the mowing mechanisms, the set mowing height and the condition of the mowing blades were monitored. After cutting, the actual height and uniformity of the stubble, biomass production, and the amount of remaining uncut biomass were monitored. The quality of the cut was evaluated.
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The influence of water regime and management on the productive capacity of grassland
JANDA, Jiří
The first part of the thesis is devoted to the distribution, importance of permanent grasslands, proper management of grasslands and maintenance of optimal water regime. Water is essential for photosynthesis and plant growth and therefore its availability affects the quantity and quality of biomass produced. The literature on water regime such as rainfall, soil permeability, ground water availability and its effect on grassland production capacity is reviewed. Management techniques such as fertilization and tillage that can help maintain a suitable water and nutrient regi-me for the grassland are also described. In the second and third parts of the thesis, the results of investigating grazed and mown grassland under different water regime and animal load are presented. Furthermore, the climatic conditions of the site are described. The botanical condition of the grassland is elaborated. The influence of the load and water regime on the condition and productivity of the grassland under study is eva-luated. As the water regime increased, the cover of valuable grasses and clovers decreased and the proportion of reticulate and sedge species increased. Measures (fertilization and amendments) were proposed to improve the species composition of the vegetation.
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Methodological tasks of livestock density in pastures and etological observation of cattle in pasture
PETRÁŠ, Marek
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to design suitable ways of expressing the load of grazing areas and monitoring cattle during grazing with regard to the condition of pastures. These goals were achieved on the basis of one-year monitoring and analysis of pasture on the monitored pastures. At the same time, when monitoring the botanical composition of pastures, the behavior of cattle on pasture and its influence on pasture and soil compaction were monitored.
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The influence of climbing legumes on presence of valuable and weedy species in permanent grasslands
HRAŠE, David
Permanent grassland is a complex of legumes, herbs, and grasses. They are an important plant component of the biosphere. They provide wide range of productive and non-productive functions. Climbing legumes are valuable species in grasslands. They are involved in higher quality of fresh matter and hay. The aim of this diploma thesis is to assess the influence of climbing legumes on the presence and coverage of other higher plant species in grassland, the height and productivity of vegetation in selected localities in the Prachatice district in 2017. The occurrence of legumes (climbing and non-climbing) has a significant impact on other species in the grassland community. The reason is the ability to fix aerial nitrogen and support grass species that require a good nitrogen supply. The obtained data were statistically processed.
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The influence of organic fertilisation on botanical composition, diversity and fodder characteristics of permanent grasslands
KINCL, Petr
In connection with the growing area of permanent grasslands in the Czech Republic, their productive and, above all, non-productive importance is at the forefront. In addition to forage production, meadow stands represent an important component of the environment in terms of biodiversity conservation. The aim of this diploma thesis was to monitor the influence of organic fertilization on land in the cadastral of Cekov and Kařez. Observations were carried out on unheated and organically fertilized localities in 2017. Higher botanical diversity showed unheated land, where the herbal component and clover predominated. There was a higher proportion of grass on the fertilized land. In terms of grassland quality, fertilized plots were best assessed. The data analyzed were statistically evaluated.
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